Author: Jonathan van Heijzen

As 3D printing evolves, so do the materials we use to bring our ideas to life. Among these, carbon-infused filament stands out for its unique combination of strength, stiffness, and lightweight properties. This article explores the world of carbon-infused filament, offering insights into its benefits and how to leverage it in your next project.

What is Carbon-Infused Filament?

Carbon-infused filament is a composite material made by embedding carbon fibers into a standard thermoplastic base, typically PLA, ABS, or PETG. This integration results in a filament that combines the ease of printing of its thermoplastic base with the enhanced properties provided by carbon fibers.

Applications of Carbon-Infused Filament

This filament is particularly suited for applications where strength, stiffness, and weight are critical factors:

  • Aerospace and Automotive Parts: Components that require high strength-to-weight ratios.
  • Drones and RC Parts: Lightweight and durable frames and components.
  • Sporting Goods: Custom grips, brackets, and equipment enhancements.
  • Functional Prototypes: Testing the design and functionality of parts intended for carbon fiber or other high-strength materials.

Benefits of Carbon-Infused Filament

Increased Strength and Stiffness: Carbon fibers significantly enhance the tensile strength and stiffness of prints, making them more robust and durable.

Reduced Weight: The high strength-to-weight ratio of carbon-infused filament allows for lighter parts compared to those made with standard filaments.

Improved Dimensional Stability: The addition of carbon fibers reduces the likelihood of warping, ensuring more accurate and stable prints.

Aesthetic Finish: Prints have a unique, textured surface that is both visually appealing and can hide layer lines.

Key Considerations

Abrasive Nature: Carbon fibers can wear down standard brass nozzles quickly. It’s recommended to use a hardened steel nozzle to extend your printer’s lifespan.

Printing Parameters: Optimal printing temperatures and speeds may differ from those of the base thermoplastic. It may require some experimentation to find the ideal settings.

Cost: Carbon-infused filament is more expensive than standard filaments, reflecting the cost of carbon fibers and the advanced properties they offer.

Not for All Applications: While strong and stiff, the brittleness of carbon-infused filament may not be suitable for all applications, especially those requiring flexibility.

Carbon-Infused Filament vs. Other Materials

Vs. Standard Filaments (PLA, ABS, PETG): Carbon-infused filament offers superior strength, stiffness, and thermal stability, making it ideal for functional parts that need to withstand stress or heat.

Vs. Other Composite Filaments: Compared to other composites like glass or metal-infused filaments, carbon-infused filament stands out for its strength-to-weight ratio and dimensional stability.

The fusion of traditional metal properties with modern 3D printing technology has led to the development of metal-infused filaments. These innovative materials enable hobbyists and professionals alike to create objects that not only resemble metal in appearance but also in weight and feel. Here’s what you need to know about metal-infused filament and how to make the most of it in your projects.

What is Metal-Infused Filament?

Metal-infused filament is a composite 3D printing material made by mixing fine metal powders—such as stainless steel, bronze, copper, or aluminum—with a base thermoplastic binder, typically PLA. This blend allows for 3D printing using standard FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) printers while imparting the aesthetic and some physical characteristics of metal to the finished prints.

Uses of Metal-Infused Filament

The distinctive properties of metal-infused filament make it suitable for a wide range of applications:

  • Aesthetic Models: Ideal for sculptures, jewelry, and decorative items that benefit from a metallic appearance.
  • Functional Parts: While not as strong as solid metal, metal-infused prints can be used for non-structural parts where metal’s look and additional weight are desired.
  • Prototyping: Useful for creating prototypes that mimic the weight and feel of metal components without the cost of full metal fabrication.

Benefits of Metal-Infused Filament

Metallic Finish: Prints have a genuine metallic look and can even be polished to enhance their shine.

Increased Weight: The added metal powder increases the weight of objects, giving them a more substantial feel compared to standard plastics.

Post-Processing Options: Metal-infused prints can be sanded, polished, and for some materials, patinated or oxidized to create unique finishes.

Accessibility: These filaments can be used on standard desktop 3D printers, making metal-like 3D printing accessible without specialized equipment.

Key Considerations

Printer Wear: The abrasive nature of metal powders can accelerate nozzle wear, making a hardened steel nozzle a wise investment.

Printing Challenges: Metal-infused filaments can be more challenging to print than standard PLA due to their unique composition. Optimal printing temperatures and speeds may vary, requiring experimentation.

Cost: Metal-infused filaments are more expensive than standard filaments, reflecting the cost of metal powders.

Strength: While offering the look and feel of metal, these filaments do not fully replicate the mechanical properties of solid metal parts.

Metal-Infused Filament vs. Other Materials

Vs. PLA and ABS: Metal-infused filaments offer a significant aesthetic and tactile advantage over standard plastics, though at a higher cost and with increased printing complexity.

Vs. Pure Metal Printing: While not as strong or functional as parts printed with dedicated metal 3D printers, metal-infused filaments provide an accessible alternative for achieving a metal-like finish.

In the diverse ecosystem of 3D printing materials, wood filament offers a blend of traditional woodworking aesthetics with modern manufacturing techniques. This intriguing material has garnered attention for its ability to create prints that look, feel, and even smell like wood.

What is Wood Filament?

Wood filament is a composite material made by blending fine wood particles with a PLA (Polylactic Acid) base, and sometimes other polymers, to create a filament that can be used in standard FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) printers. The result is a 3D printing material that exhibits the properties of wood, including its texture and grain.

Uses of Wood Filament

Wood filament’s unique finish and workability make it ideal for a variety of applications:

  • Decorative Items: From vases to figurines, wood filament adds a touch of natural elegance to decorative pieces.
  • Functional Objects: It’s used to create items like picture frames, containers, and even furniture components.
  • Educational Models: Wood filament can bring a natural look to architectural models or historical replicas.
  • Artistic Projects: Artists can explore new dimensions of creativity by incorporating wood filament into their work.

Advantages of Wood Filament

Aesthetic Appeal: The most obvious benefit of wood filament is its aesthetic charm, offering a warm, natural look and feel to prints that plastic filaments cannot replicate.

Ease of Use: Despite its unique composition, wood filament can be printed on most standard 3D printers without specialized hardware, similar to PLA.

Post-Processing: Wood filament prints can be sanded, stained, painted, or sealed, allowing for further customization after printing.

Sustainability: Since wood filament is PLA-based, it’s more environmentally friendly compared to purely petroleum-based filaments.

Considerations When Printing with Wood Filament

Printing Settings: Wood filament generally requires similar printing settings to PLA, though temperatures may vary slightly due to the wood content. It’s important to experiment and find the optimal settings for your specific filament brand.

Nozzle Wear: The wood particles can be abrasive to standard brass nozzles, so using a hardened steel nozzle can extend your printer’s lifespan.

Variability: The wood content can lead to variations in color and texture between batches, adding character but also unpredictability to your prints.

Wood Filament vs. Other Materials

Vs. PLA: While PLA is versatile and easy to print with, wood filament offers a unique aesthetic that PLA cannot match. However, PLA may provide more consistency and a wider range of colors.

Vs. ABS: ABS is known for its strength and durability, but it lacks the natural appearance and ease of post-processing that wood filament offers.

Vs. Specialty Filaments: Compared to other specialty filaments (like metal or carbon fiber-infused), wood filament emphasizes aesthetics and workability over physical properties.

As 3D printing technology advances, so does the variety of materials available for creators and engineers. Among these, Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) stands out for its flexibility, durability, and wide range of applications. This blog post delves into the world of TPU, shedding light on its uses, benefits, and considerations in the realm of 3D printing.

What is TPU?

TPU is a type of thermoplastic elastomer that combines the best characteristics of rubber and plastic. Its elasticity and resistance to abrasion, oil, and solvents make it an exceptional material for various demanding applications.

Uses of TPU

TPU’s unique properties open up a plethora of applications, including:

  • Flexible Parts: From phone cases to wearable accessories, TPU is perfect for items that require flexibility and durability.
  • Industrial Components: Its resistance to oil and chemicals makes it suitable for gaskets, seals, and hoses in industrial settings.
  • Medical Devices: The material’s biocompatibility allows for its use in prosthetics and other medical devices.
  • Sporting Goods: TPU is used in airless tires, shock absorbers, and other sporting equipment for its excellent energy absorption.

Advantages of TPU

Flexibility and Elasticity: TPU can be stretched and flexed repeatedly without losing its original shape, offering incredible durability.

Durability: It is resistant to abrasion, oil, and solvents, making it suitable for tough environments.

Wide Range of Hardness: TPU filaments are available in various hardness levels, accommodating a broad spectrum of applications from soft, flexible items to firmer, more rigid products.

Ease of Printing: While TPU can be more challenging to print than PLA, it is generally easier to handle than other flexible filaments, making it accessible for users with direct-drive extruders.

Considerations When Printing with TPU

Printer Requirements: TPU is best printed with a direct-drive extruder. Bowden extruders can be used but may require modifications to print successfully.

Printing Speed: Slower printing speeds are recommended to prevent filament binding and ensure high-quality prints.

Retraction Settings: Optimizing retraction settings can help reduce stringing and oozing, common challenges when printing with flexible materials.

TPU vs. Other Materials

Vs. PLA: While PLA is easier to print and offers a wider range of colors and effects, it lacks the flexibility and durability of TPU.

Vs. ABS: ABS provides strength and heat resistance but cannot match TPU’s flexibility and impact resistance.

Vs. PETG: PETG offers a balance of strength, clarity, and flexibility, but TPU exceeds in elasticity and flexibility for applications requiring significant bending and stretching.

For enthusiasts and professionals navigating the vast sea of 3D printing materials, ABS filament presents a compelling choice. Known for its durability, heat resistance, and flexibility, ABS has long been a staple in the 3D printing world. This post explores the characteristics of ABS, its varied applications, and how it compares with other filaments.

What is ABS?

ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) is a thermoplastic polymer widely recognized for its strength and toughness. It’s a popular choice in various industries, from automotive to consumer goods, for its excellent mechanical properties and ease of processing.

Uses of ABS

ABS’s robustness and versatility make it suitable for a diverse array of applications:

  • Functional Parts: Its strength and durability are perfect for creating mechanical parts, tools, and enclosures.
  • Automotive Components: ABS is used in the automotive industry for parts that require high durability and heat resistance.
  • Toys and Consumer Goods: Its safety and robustness make ABS ideal for manufacturing toys, like LEGO bricks, and other consumer products.

Pros of ABS

Durability: ABS is known for its toughness, making it ideal for parts that need to withstand wear and tear.

Heat Resistance: It can withstand higher temperatures than PLA, making it suitable for applications involving heat exposure.

Finishing Options: ABS can be easily sanded, painted, and acetone smoothed for aesthetic finishes.

Cost-Effective: It is generally less expensive than more specialized filaments, offering a good balance between cost and performance.

Cons of ABS

Emission of Fumes: ABS emits fumes during printing, which can be harmful if inhaled without proper ventilation.

Warping: It is prone to warping on cooling, requiring a heated bed and controlled environment for optimal printing.

Requires More Setup: To successfully print with ABS, you often need a printer capable of higher temperatures and an enclosed print area to maintain temperature consistency.

ABS vs. Other Materials

Vs. PLA: PLA is easier to print with and environmentally friendly, making it better for beginners and those without a heated print bed. However, ABS offers superior heat resistance and durability for functional parts.

Vs. PETG: PETG provides a middle ground with less toxicity and similar durability to ABS, but with better layer adhesion and less warping. ABS, however, excels in post-processing and finish options.

ABS filament remains a favored choice for its strength, flexibility, and finishing capabilities, suitable for a wide range of applications from functional prototypes to end-use products. While its printing challenges and environmental impact may deter some, its benefits in durability and heat resistance are unrivaled for specific needs. Understanding the pros and cons of ABS helps makers and professionals alike to harness its full potential, ensuring successful and high-quality prints.

In the realm of 3D printing, material choice can significantly impact the outcome of your projects. Among the plethora of options, PETG stands out as a versatile and user-friendly filament. This post dives into the world of PETG, exploring its applications, benefits, and how it stacks up against other popular materials.

What is PETG?

PETG, or Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol-modified, is a thermoplastic polyester that offers the best of both worlds: the simplicity and safety of PLA and the strength and durability of ABS. It’s known for its ease of use, excellent layer adhesion, and low shrinkage, making it a favorite among both beginners and experienced users.

Uses of PETG

PETG’s remarkable flexibility and strength make it suitable for a wide range of applications:

  • Functional Parts: Its durability is perfect for mechanical parts or items subject to stress.
  • Medical Devices: PETG is food-safe and can be sterilized, making it ideal for medical applications and containers.
  • Outdoor Use: With its UV and weather resistance, PETG is great for outdoor applications.
  • Cosmetic Prints: Its glossy finish and clear variants can produce visually appealing objects.

Pros of PETG

Durability and Flexibility: PETG offers superior durability and flexibility compared to PLA, without the brittleness.

Chemical Resistance: It’s resistant to many chemicals, making it suitable for practical applications in harsh environments.

Low Shrinkage: PETG minimizes warping, aiding in the production of large prints and complex geometries.

Food Safe: When used with a food-safe extruder, PETG can be suitable for creating containers that come into contact with food.

Cons of PETG

Stringing: PETG can produce stringing or oozing, requiring fine-tuning of retraction settings.

Adhesion: Its excellent layer adhesion can make it difficult to remove from the print bed without a proper surface or settings.

Temperature Sensitivity: Achieving the right printing temperature is crucial, as PETG can be prone to blobs and zits if printed too hot.

PETG vs. Other Materials

Vs. PLA: PETG is more heat resistant and durable than PLA, making it better for functional parts. However, PLA is easier to print with and provides more vibrant color options.

Vs. ABS: PETG offers similar strength and temperature resistance to ABS but with less toxic emissions and easier printability. ABS, however, can achieve a smoother finish through acetone smoothing.

PETG filament is a robust, versatile material that bridges the gap between PLA’s ease of use and ABS’s strength. Whether you’re crafting durable functional parts, medical devices, or weather-resistant outdoor applications, PETG presents a compelling choice. Understanding its pros and cons can help you leverage its capabilities to enhance your 3D printing projects.

Here’s a rundown of the most commonly used 3D printer filaments and the considerations you should keep in mind.

PLA (Polylactic Acid)

Environmental Impact: PLA is a biodegradable thermoplastic derived from renewable resources like corn starch or sugarcane, making it one of the more environmentally friendly options. However, its biodegradation process requires industrial composting conditions to break down efficiently.

Safety and Medical Concerns: PLA is generally considered safe for home use, emitting a relatively low level of ultrafine particles (UFPs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during printing. It’s also used in medical applications, such as in biodegradable medical implants, thanks to its biocompatibility.

ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)

Environmental Impact: ABS is a petroleum-based plastic that is not biodegradable, posing more significant environmental concerns compared to PLA. Proper ventilation is crucial due to the fumes produced during printing.

Safety and Medical Concerns: Printing with ABS releases styrene, a possible human carcinogen, emphasizing the need for good ventilation to minimize exposure. Its durability makes it suitable for creating items that require strength and heat resistance, but not typically used in medical applications due to its potential health risks.

PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol)

Environmental Impact: PETG is considered more environmentally friendly than ABS but less so than PLA. It’s recyclable under code 1, though recycling facilities may vary in acceptance.

Safety and Medical Concerns: PETG combines ease of use with reduced emission of harmful fumes, making it safer for home environments. It’s also known for its chemical resistance and strength, often used in food containers and medical devices.

TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane)

Environmental Impact: TPU’s environmental impact is similar to that of other petroleum-based plastics, with concerns around non-biodegradability. Recycling options are limited.

Safety and Medical Concerns: TPU is valued for its flexibility and durability. While it emits fewer toxic fumes compared to ABS, proper ventilation is still recommended. Its elasticity and resistance to oils and greases make it suitable for medical devices and wearable technology.

Specialty Filaments (Wood, Metal, Carbon Fiber Infused)

Environmental Impact: The environmental impact varies significantly with the base material and the additives used. Generally, these filaments combine a PLA base with other materials, potentially affecting biodegradability and recycling options.

Safety and Medical Concerns: Specialty filaments can introduce additional safety considerations, such as increased nozzle wear or the need for specific printing conditions. The particles released during printing can also vary, necessitating research and precautions based on the specific filament type.

Welcome to the essential guide for every new 3D printer enthusiast! Understanding when to replace your printer’s thermistor can save you time and improve your printing experience.

What is a Thermistor?

A thermistor monitors your 3D printer’s temperature, crucial for precise printing. It’s a resistor whose resistance changes with temperature, ensuring your printer operates within the right temperature range.

Signs of a Failing Thermistor

  1. Inconsistent Prints: If your prints start varying in quality without changes in settings, it could be a thermistor issue.
  2. Error Messages: Many printers display specific error messages indicating thermistor problems.
  3. Temperature Fluctuations: Sudden changes in temperature readings on your printer’s display are a red flag.

How to Test a Thermistor

  1. Disconnect and Measure: Turn off and unplug your printer. Use a multimeter to measure the thermistor’s resistance. Compare it to the standard resistance values provided in your printer’s manual.
  2. Temperature Test: Heat the thermistor (using a safe, controlled method). Measure resistance as it heats. If the resistance doesn’t change as expected, it’s time for a replacement.

Replacing a Thermistor

  1. Purchase the Right Replacement: Ensure you get a compatible thermistor for your printer model.
  2. Installation: Carefully follow your printer manufacturer’s guidelines for replacing the thermistor. This usually involves disconnecting the old thermistor and connecting the new one, securing it in place.

Conclusion

Keeping an eye on your thermistor’s performance is key to maintaining your 3D printer’s reliability and print quality. By recognizing the signs of a failing thermistor and knowing how to test and replace it, you’re set for a smoother 3D printing journey.

“I should have made two.”

That’s what I was thinking as one bb after the other hit me while I quickly pulled the trigger on my rented airsoft gun.

A few months ago, my son and I thought it would be fun to build an airsoft gun together. Why not? We have a 3d printer and it would be interesting to see how it all works together. Eager to try it out, we drove to the airsoft field almost as soon as it was done. I rented a gun for me and gave my son the Mosquito. I would soon regret that decision. The Mosquito’s claim to be “a menace on the battlefield” proved accurate and I was wishing I had one of my own.

There appear to be two broad categories of airsoft gun enthusiasts: one group of people enjoys building replicas of actual firearms. Interesting, old, or unique firearms tend to get a lot of attention and attention to the smallest detail is key. These firearms are often very elaborate and beautiful. The Mosquito does not fit in to this crowd.

The other group of airsoft enthusiasts purchases airsoft for the sole purpose of putting as many bb’s downrange as possible. This is where the Mosquito fits in and it does its job well, much to my own regret.

Unfortunately for me, the rented guns are semi-automatic, meaning that I have to pull the trigger for each bb to be shot. My son was probably shooting 50 bb’s at me for every one that I was shooting at him. Oh well.

Overall, this was a fun project. If you enjoy Airsoft and have a 3d printer, you might want to consider adding this one to your arsenal.

HYBRID AIRSOFT – MOSQUITO Open Beta 2 Handbook (google.com)

Just make sure that you make two.

In the intricate world of 3D printing, a smooth filament path is essential for flawless prints. However, every enthusiast eventually faces the challenge of broken filament stuck inside a PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) tube. This guide will walk you through the steps to efficiently remove stuck filament, ensuring your 3D printing journey continues without a hitch.

Understanding the Problem

Filament can break off inside the PTFE tube due to various reasons such as abrupt printer movements, improper filament storage, or simply using low-quality filament. This creates a blockage that can affect extrusion quality and may even halt your printing projects altogether.

Tools You’ll Need

  • Needle-nose pliers
  • A 1.5mm or appropriate size Allen key or push rod
  • Heat gun or hair dryer
  • A new filament segment

Step-by-Step Solution

1. Preparation

First, ensure your 3D printer is turned off and cooled down to avoid any risk of injury. Remove any filament spools attached to the extruder to reduce tension in the system.

2. Accessing the PTFE Tube

Carefully disconnect the PTFE tube from the extruder and hot end. Depending on your printer model, this might require loosening a fitting or pressing down on a quick-release.

3. Heating the Stuck Filament

Using a heat gun or hair dryer, gently heat the section of the PTFE tube where the filament is stuck. The goal is to soften the filament without damaging the tube. Keep the heat source moving to distribute heat evenly.

4. Pushing the Filament Out

Once the filament softens, use the Allen key or push rod to gently push the stuck filament through the tube. If accessible, needle-nose pliers can be used to pull the filament out from the other end.

5. Clearing Any Residue

After removing the bulk of the filament, inspect the tube for any remaining bits. If necessary, repeat the heating and pushing process until the tube is clear.

6. Reassembly and Testing

Reattach the PTFE tube to your printer, ensuring all connections are secure. Feed a new filament segment through to test for smooth passage.

Preventive Measures

  • Use High-Quality Filament: Investing in good quality filament reduces the risk of breakage.
  • Regular Maintenance: Periodically check and clean your PTFE tube to prevent buildup that can lead to filament breakage.
  • Proper Storage: Store filament in a dry, cool place to prevent brittleness.